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1 Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology
Техника: Химико-технологическая энциклопедияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology
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2 ECT
1) Общая лексика: Emergency Co-ordination Team (SEIC)2) Медицина: Электрошоковая терапия (electro-convulsive therapy), электроконвульсивная терапия, электросудорожная терапия3) Военный термин: environment control table, estimated completion time4) Техника: Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology, eddy current test, eddy current testing, electric circuit theory, engine cutoff timer, equivalent circuit theory, error control translator5) Юридический термин: Expert Card Technique6) Автомобильный термин: engine coolant temperature, (electronic control transmission) электронное управление трансмиссией7) Сокращение: ElectroConvulsive Therapy, European Central Time8) Физиология: Electro Convulsive Therapy, Enteric Coated Tablet9) Электроника: Electronics & Communications Technology10) Биохимия: Electro Convulsive Shock Therapy11) Транспорт: ELECTRONIC CONTROL Temperature, Europe Combined Terminals12) Воздухоплавание: Evans Clear Tunnel13) Экология: Evaporative Cooling Tower, environmental control technology14) Энергетика: Energy Charter Treaty-Договор Энергетической хартии15) Полимеры: Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology17) Безопасность: группа оперативной координации18) Нефть и газ: Emergency Coordination Team19) Должность: Elementary Computer Technologist -
3 Ect
1) Общая лексика: Emergency Co-ordination Team (SEIC)2) Медицина: Электрошоковая терапия (electro-convulsive therapy), электроконвульсивная терапия, электросудорожная терапия3) Военный термин: environment control table, estimated completion time4) Техника: Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology, eddy current test, eddy current testing, electric circuit theory, engine cutoff timer, equivalent circuit theory, error control translator5) Юридический термин: Expert Card Technique6) Автомобильный термин: engine coolant temperature, (electronic control transmission) электронное управление трансмиссией7) Сокращение: ElectroConvulsive Therapy, European Central Time8) Физиология: Electro Convulsive Therapy, Enteric Coated Tablet9) Электроника: Electronics & Communications Technology10) Биохимия: Electro Convulsive Shock Therapy11) Транспорт: ELECTRONIC CONTROL Temperature, Europe Combined Terminals12) Воздухоплавание: Evans Clear Tunnel13) Экология: Evaporative Cooling Tower, environmental control technology14) Энергетика: Energy Charter Treaty-Договор Энергетической хартии15) Полимеры: Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology17) Безопасность: группа оперативной координации18) Нефть и газ: Emergency Coordination Team19) Должность: Elementary Computer Technologist -
4 ECT
1. eddy current test, eddy current testing - токовихревые испытания, токовихревая дефектоскопия;2. electric circuit theory - теория электрических цепей;3. Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology - Химико-технологическая энциклопедия;4. engine cutoff timer - реле времени отсечки двигателя;5. equivalent circuit theory - теория эквивалентных цепей;6. error control translator - транслятор системы контроля ошибок; передатчик системы контроля ошибок;7. estimated completion time - расчетное время завершения работ -
5 Abel, Sir Frederick August
[br]b. 17 July 1827 Woolwich, London, Englandd. 6 September 1902 Westminster, London, England[br]English chemist, co-inventor of cordite find explosives expert.[br]His family came from Germany and he was the son of a music master. He first became interested in science at the age of 14, when visiting his mineralogist uncle in Hamburg, and studied chemistry at the Royal Polytechnic Institution in London. In 1845 he became one of the twenty-six founding students, under A.W.von Hofmann, of the Royal College of Chemistry. Such was his aptitude for the subject that within two years he became von Hermann's assistant and demonstrator. In 1851 Abel was appointed Lecturer in Chemistry, succeeding Michael Faraday, at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and it was while there that he wrote his Handbook of Chemistry, which was co-authored by his assistant, Charles Bloxam.Abel's four years at the Royal Military Academy served to foster his interest in explosives, but it was during his thirty-four years, beginning in 1854, as Ordnance Chemist at the Royal Arsenal and at Woolwich that he consolidated and developed his reputation as one of the international leaders in his field. In 1860 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, but it was his studies during the 1870s into the chemical changes that occur during explosions, and which were the subject of numerous papers, that formed the backbone of his work. It was he who established the means of storing gun-cotton without the danger of spontaneous explosion, but he also developed devices (the Abel Open Test and Close Test) for measuring the flashpoint of petroleum. He also became interested in metal alloys, carrying out much useful work on their composition. A further avenue of research occurred in 1881 when he was appointed a member of the Royal Commission set up to investigate safety in mines after the explosion that year in the Sealham Colliery. His resultant study on dangerous dusts did much to further understanding on the use of explosives underground and to improve the safety record of the coal-mining industry. The achievement for which he is most remembered, however, came in 1889, when, in conjunction with Sir James Dewar, he invented cordite. This stable explosive, made of wood fibre, nitric acid and glycerine, had the vital advantage of being a "smokeless powder", which meant that, unlike the traditional ammunition propellant, gunpowder ("black powder"), the firer's position was not given away when the weapon was discharged. Although much of the preliminary work had been done by the Frenchman Paul Vieille, it was Abel who perfected it, with the result that cordite quickly became the British Army's standard explosive.Abel married, and was widowed, twice. He had no children, but died heaped in both scientific honours and those from a grateful country.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsGrand Commander of the Royal Victorian Order 1901. Knight Commander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath 1891 (Commander 1877). Knighted 1883. Created Baronet 1893. FRS 1860. President, Chemical Society 1875–7. President, Institute of Chemistry 1881–2. President, Institute of Electrical Engineers 1883. President, Iron and Steel Institute 1891. Chairman, Society of Arts 1883–4. Telford Medal 1878, Royal Society Royal Medal 1887, Albert Medal (Society of Arts) 1891, Bessemer Gold Medal 1897. Hon. DCL (Oxon.) 1883, Hon. DSc (Cantab.) 1888.Bibliography1854, with C.L.Bloxam, Handbook of Chemistry: Theoretical, Practical and Technical, London: John Churchill; 2nd edn 1858.Besides writing numerous scientific papers, he also contributed several articles to The Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1875–89, 9th edn.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography, 1912, Vol. 1, Suppl. 2, London: Smith, Elder.CMBiographical history of technology > Abel, Sir Frederick August
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6 Walton, Frederick
[br]fl. 1860s Chiswick, Middlesex, England[br]English inventor and early manufacturer of linoleum.[br]Walton's linoleum consisted of a burlap base coated with a cement made from linseed oil, gum, resin and colour pigments. The linseed oil was oxidized in order to produce a rubbery consistency, and this was achieved either by adding the oil to the burlap in a series of coats, allowing each coat to dry in a heated room and so absorb the oxygen from the atmosphere, or by inserting the product into a steam-heated container, thereby hastening the process. The coated fabric was then calendered so that the heat and pressure of the rollers would soften the coating mixture, making it adhere firmly to the fabric backing. On 19 December 1863 Walton applied for a patent for the manufacture of his invention at British Grove Works in Chiswick, Middlesex. The patent was granted on 31 May 1864 for "Improvements in the Manufacture of Floor Cloths and Coverings and Similar Fabrics and in Pavements". Later in 1864 Walton set up a factory in Staines.The term linoleum derives from the Latin words linum, meaning linen thread, and oleum, meaning oil. Linoleum was made in rolls in everincreasing quantity until about 1950, by which time it was being replaced by synthetic vinyl-type coverings.[br]Further ReadingSee "Linoleum" in Children's Britannica, Chicago, Ill.: Encyclopaedia Britannica, and in Encyclopaedia Americana, Danbury, Conn.: Americana.DY
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